Antenna

Zentanode antenna specifications, supported frequencies, performance data, and range optimization.

Supported Frequencies

Zentanode operates on region-specific frequencies for optimal performance and regulatory compliance.

Frequency	Region
868 MHz	Europe, Switzerland, South Africa, UAE
863 MHz	Ukraine, Turkey, Saudi Arabia
865 MHz	India
864 MHz	Russia
902 MHz	US, Canada, Mexico
915 MHz	Asia, Australia
920 MHz	Hong Kong
922 MHz	Latin America, Southeast Asia
470 MHz	China

Verify the correct MHz specification for your country before purchasing. If you have purchased an incorrect frequency version, contact zentanode.com for a replacement.

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Antenna Performance

Performance characteristics across key frequency bands:

Frequency (MHz)	Gain (dBi)	Efficiency (%)	Beamwidth	VSWR
600	2.63	32.2%	65°	1.5:1
680	2.19	34.3%	70°	1.6:1
760	1.44	40.0%	85°	1.5:1
840	2.31	38.5%	75°	1.6:1
868	2.76	44.1%	60°	1.3:1
915	2.79	45.2%	55°	1.2:1

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Key Parameters

Parameter	Description
Gain (dBi)	Ability to focus and amplify signal in a specific direction
Efficiency	Ratio of radiated power to input power
Beamwidth	Angular width of the main radiation lobe
VSWR	Voltage Standing Wave Ratio — lower is better (1.0 = ideal)
Polarization	Linear (all Zentanode frequencies)

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Range Estimation

Under ideal line-of-sight conditions, the theoretical range can be estimated using the Friis transmission equation:

Pr = Pt + Gt + Gr - 20*log10(d) - 20*log10(f) - 32.44

Variable	Description	Zentanode Value
Pt	Transmit power	10 dBm
Gt	Transmit antenna gain	3 dBi
Gr	Receive antenna gain	3 dBi
f	Frequency	900 MHz
Pr(min)	Receiver sensitivity	-100 dBm

Result: approximately 8.6 km range under ideal conditions.

Real-world range is typically lower due to obstructions, terrain, and multipath fading. The practical operating range of a Zentanode is up to 6 km. Mesh networking with multiple nodes can extend overall coverage.

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Optimizing Range

• Placement — Mount the antenna elevated and away from metal objects, walls, and dense foliage. Line-of-sight to other nodes significantly improves range.

• Node Density — Add more Zentanodes to extend coverage through multi-hop mesh routing. Each node acts as a relay.

• Cable Quality — Use high-quality, short coaxial cables to minimize signal loss.

• Grounding — Proper grounding reduces interference and improves performance.

• Environment — Temperature extremes, humidity, and electromagnetic interference can affect antenna performance.